ideology

Open Access Article

1 - The Traces of Ideology in the Early Literary Works of Mahmoud Dowlatabadi
قدرت الله طاهری

One of the greatest Iranian novelists is Mahmoud Dowlatabadi, who is celebrated enough in the literary society of Iran and to some extent in the world due to his creative works. He has also gone forward in his works step by step, like every other author. In fact, he has More

One of the greatest Iranian novelists is Mahmoud Dowlatabadi, who is celebrated enough in the literary society of Iran and to some extent in the world due to his creative works. He has also gone forward in his works step by step, like every other author. In fact, he has been affected by various and continually renovating discourses of contemporary history of Iran in such a manner that a part of his works has been written in response to theses discourses. In this research, the direct and indirect impacts of ideology and common discourses on Dowlatabadi’s novelettes in 40th and 50th decades are studied in terms of their being between novel and short story. These works were promising with a great author regarding to the writing of Kelidar, Missing Soluch, Bygone Days of the Elderly, although they might have a range of weak points as well. Furthermore, in choosing the themes and the characters which he has created and developed through his novelette, he may have been influenced by the ideology and discourses of his own time without being conscious. Finally, the topics used in his novelettes as well as the characters are not in harmony with their roots and their local culture, that is, they are not created for the referred culture and the characters just speak in Persian and wear local cloths without having any other common root with the country they live. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Power Relations In "Shazdeh Ehtejab" Novel
محمدعلي غلامي‌نژاد Zainab Saberpour

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a branch of linguistic studies which deals with such concepts as power, domination and ideology. The present article surveys the relations between the power agents in "Shazdeh Ehtejab", and the changes in the shapes of applying power More

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a branch of linguistic studies which deals with such concepts as power, domination and ideology. The present article surveys the relations between the power agents in "Shazdeh Ehtejab", and the changes in the shapes of applying power from a CDA approach. To do this, we closely studied the artistic and fictional arrangements of the text, analyzed it as a discourse product of its historical context. Considering the events and the figures of the time when this novel was written, and its social- political context reveals that the contrast between the intellectuals and the totalitarian government has drawn the author toward the meaningful selection of historical events. Under the influence of the intellectual discourse of his time, Golshiri represents the power and violence, leading to the degradation of Qajar royal family. In this way he has set a balanced analogue between his work and the social- political conditions during Pahlavi's regime. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - THE ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORERY MOVEMENTS IN STORY WRITING
Mohammad نقي‌زاده

Transmutation of terms and the permutaion of their concepts which bring about the transformation (and not evolution or conscious transformation) of culture, is one of the issues observed abundantly in the interactions with other cultures and ideologies, especially in tr More

Transmutation of terms and the permutaion of their concepts which bring about the transformation (and not evolution or conscious transformation) of culture, is one of the issues observed abundantly in the interactions with other cultures and ideologies, especially in translations, exclusively in contemporary era. This trend is one of the factors contributing to the crisis of the cultural identity of societies. In order to perform the duty of promoting the Iranian culture, the following article endeavors to briefly compare the original Persian meanings of terms and foreign equivalents. Hoping that it will be an introduction for future investigations and researches. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Children's Literature and Contemporary Ideologies
Ayeshe Khoje

Children’s literature does not have a long history in Iran and works in this field goes back to the era of Iranian constitutional revolution and the modernization of Iranian society. It is clear that modernism and its ideologies such as liberalism, nationalism and Marxi More

Children’s literature does not have a long history in Iran and works in this field goes back to the era of Iranian constitutional revolution and the modernization of Iranian society. It is clear that modernism and its ideologies such as liberalism, nationalism and Marxism have contributed to the emergence and development of children’s literature. The fact that how two of the most famous children works of that time (“Ahmad's Book” and “Little Black Fish”) were ideological, can be considered as a proof for this claim. For this reason the main question in the present research is the nature of the relation between contemporary ideologies and children’s literature, and to answer this question two stories, Ahmad's Book (1932) and Little Black Fish (1968) and also the poems in the textbooks of the first Pahlavi era (1925-1941) are studied while each one of them can be assigned to one of the main ideologies in Iran's contemporary history before the Islamic revolution. Due to the fact that different contemporary ideologies have different attitudes towards children, they provide different norms and patterns for children's literature. For example, according to liberalism, which is represented roughly by Talboof’s “Ahmad’s book” the appropriate literature for children is the one that acquaints them with various aspects of critical thinking while nationalism – the poems selected from children’s textbooks in Pahlavi era reflect this ideology- want to create and institutionalize a sense of devotion and sacrifice in children. According to Marxism as the most revolutionary contemporary ideology, the appropriate type of literature for the children is the one that enlightens them (class consciousness, etc.), and make them ready for the final battle to transform the society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - An Analytical Research on the Role of Nostalgic Motifs in Jalal Al-Ahmad`s Stories

This article aims at analyzing nostalgic themes in Jalal Al-Ahmad’s stories. These themes, at first glance, mostly explain the author’s special ideology regarding the society and culture. However, in its deep structure, it reflects the intellectual author’s disappointme More

This article aims at analyzing nostalgic themes in Jalal Al-Ahmad’s stories. These themes, at first glance, mostly explain the author’s special ideology regarding the society and culture. However, in its deep structure, it reflects the intellectual author’s disappointment who is not feeling contempt about his surrounding environment, and therefore there is a kind of deep sorrow in his stories which help us to know the author better in many ways.In this paper, the major focus is on the function of the themes conveying feelings like “homesickness”, “destruction of the homeland”, “loneliness” and “sorrow” which represent author’s nostalgic point of view regarding humans and society. It should be mentioned that these themes from a theoretical point of view can be considered concepts or conceptual motifs in literary works, so can be discussed as part of the content of the work. Therefore, in the theoretical part, these concepts are explained briefly in literary studies and in the applied part, based on the definitions introduced in theoretical part, the motifs in Al-Ahmad’s works are analyzed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Representation of hegemony and anti-hegemony in thediscourse of Bahar's "Jomhoori"poem based on Antonio Gramsci's views
reza ghanbari abdolmaleki ailin firooziyan

Hegemony is generally defined as a kind of intellectual-cultural leadership that is applied to the majority of people by a dominant group. In the meantime, the anti-hegemonic groups have a kind of discourse that it conflicts with the accepted values of the government. I More

Hegemony is generally defined as a kind of intellectual-cultural leadership that is applied to the majority of people by a dominant group. In the meantime, the anti-hegemonic groups have a kind of discourse that it conflicts with the accepted values of the government. In order to advance goals, the dominant discourse tries to gain hegemony; and the marginal anti-hegemony groups also design some strategies to hegemonized their discourse. This study uses the content analysis method based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony in order to analyze the discourse of Malekalshara's Republic poem in which he produces both hegemony and anti-hegemony. In this poem which has two different meaning, Malekalshara apparently agrees with Reza Khan's Republican discourse, but in fact he challenges Reza Khan new political order through language strategies implicitly. The two different semantic faces of a text structure, leads to textual contradiction which is taken into the consideration in this poem. This article studies the hegemonic process of the republican system by approaching the bahar discourse and also examines Reza Khan's behaviors in cultural hegemonic processes in order to create a new political order. Our theoretical foundation for entering the channel of discussion, as stated earlier, is Antonio Gramsci's hegemony theory. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Genealogical analysis of alienation Case study: The story of the cow by Gholam Hossein Saedi
Roghayyeh Hashemi Gholamreza Pirouz mehdi khabbazikenari Hosein Hasanpour

20.1001.1.17351030.1400.19.62.4.8

The phenomenon of alienation according to the contrast between tradition and modernity, especially in Pahlavi era should have a meaningful relationship with the quasi-modernity flow and other intellectual and political flows. As the coup occurred in 28 Mordad 1332 was More

The phenomenon of alienation according to the contrast between tradition and modernity, especially in Pahlavi era should have a meaningful relationship with the quasi-modernity flow and other intellectual and political flows. As the coup occurred in 28 Mordad 1332 was the most important and effective political flow that caused despair and failure and alienation in the middle and intellectual strata of society. So, it seems necessary to address the works of Gholam Hossein Saedi as an intellectual who represents the levels and aspects of this phenomenon. Because his literature is the product of a space that belongs to the field of quasi-modernity in Iran. This article tries to analyze and explain the story of "Cow" by Saedi (Bill Mourners Collection) which is in the form of a metaphorical and symbolic story, on the basis of alienation concept, and show the adventure of being alienation of Iranian human while facing reality, and also the role of inverted ideology in creation of this phenomenon. The research in question, after explaining the phenomenon of alienation based on genealogy of this concept shows its historical evolution in the views of Hegel and Feuerbach and Marx and Forum, examines the story of "Cow" according to metaphors such as "power and ideology", "identity", "another one". During the analysis of the story, we came to the conclusion that there is a hidden philosophical-psychological-sociological theory in the construction of the work that is visible in the structure, space and character of the story. Creating problematic characters like Mashdi Hassan, represents the author search to show a symbolic world tied to theory. Manuscript profile

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